Legal Guide

In a historical year for global democratic elections, Romania’s presidential election is the latest European election to have elicited controversy. Days prior to the scheduled second round of voting, the country’s constitutional court annulled the results of the first round voting results. The constitutional court’s decision, which will necessitate a fresh vote, arose in response to the unforeseen success of far-right candidate Calin Georgescu and the potential Russian interference which may have accounted for this success. Specifically, the annulment stems from (now declassified) reports from the Romanian Supreme Council of National Defense (CSAT) and the Directorate for Investigating Organized Crime and Terrorism (DIICOT). Both bodies suggested that the first round of voting had been tainted by an extensive network of automated online accounts (bots) on TikTok, which sought to influence the election in Georgescu’s favour. Georgescu, a NATO sceptic and recipient of praise from Vladimir Putin, has labelled the Constitutional Court’s decision as a ‘formalised coup d’etat’ and attack on Romania’s democratic order. Conversely, outgoing Romanian Prime Minister Marcel Ciolacu praised the court for adopting ‘the only correct solution after the declassification of the documents’, which he claims demonstrated a distortion of votes ‘as a result of Russia’s intervention.’

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