Expanding the Scope of EU Public Procurement Law — How to Crack a Nut – Go Health Pro

Expanding the Scope of EU Public Procurement Law — How to Crack a Nut – Go Health Pro

The annual meeting of the European Procurement Law Group a few weeks ago was a good excuse to find focused time to think about the ongoing process of review of the EU public procurement rules—as we are working on an edited book with a series of recommendations and reform proposals. My draft chapter focuses on … Read more

An Assessment of its Scope – Go Health Pro

An Assessment of its Scope – Go Health Pro

   Tiago Sérgio Cabral* ** PhD Candidate at the University of Minho | Researcher at JusGov | Project Expert for the Portuguese team in the “European Network on Digitalization and E-governance” (ENDE). Author’s opinions are his own. Photo credit: Salino01, via Wikimedia Commons   Introduction to AI Literacy under the AI Act   Under Article … Read more

A Threat to Justiciability for Scope 3 Emissions – EJIL: Talk! – Go Health Pro

A Threat to Justiciability for Scope 3 Emissions – EJIL: Talk! – Go Health Pro

Introduction On November 12, 2024, the Hague Court of Appeal overturned the judgment of the Hague District Court in Milieudefensie et al. v. Shell. While some elements of the legal reasoning remained aligned with the District Court’s decision there were notable shifts. For instance, the Court of Appeal reaffirmed that Shell has a responsibility to … Read more

Reciprocity and the temporal scope of jurisdictional clauses in erga omnes partes proceedings? – EJIL: Talk! – Go Health Pro

A Threat to Justiciability for Scope 3 Emissions – EJIL: Talk! – Go Health Pro

On 12 November 2024, the ICJ released it judgment on preliminary objections in the Azerbaijan v Armenia. As the parallel case of Armenia v Azerbaijan, it invokes alleged violations of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (CERD) and is based on the compromissory clause in Art 22 CERD. Although lodged following the Second Nagorno-Karabakh War between the two parties, Azerbaijan alleges violations dating back to the 1990s (the First Nagorno-Karabakh War). In that context, the Court had to examine the limits of its temporal scope of jurisdiction in the context of obligations erga omnes partes. More specifically, Armenia contended that the Court lacked jurisdiction over conduct during a period when Armenia already was a party to CERD, but Azerbaijan was not (between 23 July 1993 and 15 September 1996). Thus, it revolved around whether Azerbaijan could (at least in parallel (see below) on an erga omnes partes basis) demand compliance with treaty obligations to which it was itself not yet bound. The Court upheld this (first) preliminary objection, basing itself on ‘the principles of reciprocity and equality of States’. In doing so, it infused the doctrine of erga omnes partes with bilateralist structures.

Presumption of temporal flexibility for jurisdictional clauses

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Medeon Sarl v Siem Industries S.A. A good illustration of the limited scope for refusal of recognition of UK judgments covered by the Hague Choice of Court Convention, post Brexit. – Go Health Pro

Medeon Sarl v Siem Industries S.A. A good illustration of the limited scope for refusal of recognition of UK judgments covered by the Hague Choice of Court Convention, post Brexit. – Go Health Pro

Many thanks to Marta Pertegás for flagging Medeon Sarl v Siem Industries S.A. ECLI:NL:GHDHA:2024:1248, in which the Gerechtshof Den Haag (upon appeal in summary proceedings) confirmed recognition and enforcement of a High Court (London) default order for payment. Exclusive choice of court for the English courts had been made by the parties in a Bond … Read more